Mountain Scholar :: Browsing by Author "Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher"

Browsing by Author "Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher"

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Open Access
A preliminary study of flow field about Viking Lander model
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1970) Sadeh, Willy Z., author; Sandborn, Virgil A., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
An investigation of turbulent transport in the extreme lower atmosphere
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1975-02) Sadeh, Willy Z., author; Koper, Jr., Chester A., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
A model in which the Lagrangian turbulent velocity autocorrelation is expressed by a domain integral over a set of usual Eulerian autocorrelations was put forth. The Lagrangian autocorrelation can be readily computed provided that the Eulerian autocorrelations are obtained concurrently at all points within the flow field of interest, i.e., within a selected turbulence "box". A method for ascertaining the statistical stationarity of turbulent velocity by creating an equivalent ensemble which approximates the real ensemble of turbulent velocity realizations was developed. An experimental investigation of the flow in the extreme lower atmospheric layer, i.e., the layer up to about 5 m depth, was conducted for the purpose of verifying the model put forth for computing Lagrangian autocorrelation and its application to predicting turbulent diffusion. This flow was both dynamically and thermally simulated satisfactorily using the wake flow generated by a 3.04 m diameter fan installed at a field site located on flat grassland. Simultaneous measurements of turbulent velocity at five stations on a turbulence "line" along the wake axis were carried out under calm wind, dry and stable conditions utilizing a longitudinal array of five hot-wire anemometers remotely operated. The stationarity test revealed that the turbulent velocity can be approximately considered a realization of a weakly self-stationary random process. The streamwise changing properties of turbulence were deduced from a set of five Eulerian autocorrelations. A first integral time scale, based solely on the positive autocorrelation, was introduced as a characteristic large time scale. The micro and first integral time and length scales exhibited a consistent streamwise increase. This behavior testified to the nonhomogeneity of the turbulence and to a continuous accumulation of turbulent energy at large scales. The turbulence structure was dominated by relatively large-scale eddies since the first integral time and length scales were consistently about tenfold greater than their micro scale counterparts. Continuous time and spatial variations of the Eulerian autocorrelations along the turbulence line were secured by advancing Eulerian referencepoint autocorrelations and Eulerian autocorrelation envelopes. The longitudinal Lagrangian autocorrelation was estimated by means of a line integral over all the Eulerian autocorrelation envelopes for the turbulence line. Large diffusion times predominated since the Lagrangian first diffusion time scale was about ten times larger than the short diffusion time scale. Ratios of the Lagrangian to Eulerian time scales smaller than unity were found. Both short and long diffusion time scales were constrained within their Eulerian counterparts. The turbulent momentum exchange coefficient and the dispersion coefficient were computed employing the calculated Lagrangian autocorrelation. Concentration of diffusing material along the turbulence line was predicted utilizing this dispersion coefficient. Corroboration of the computed concentration distribution along the turbulence line was accomplished by a gas diffusion experiment utilizing sulfur hexaflouride. A remarkable similar streamwise variation of both predicted and measured concentrations within a difference ranging from 4 to 13%, at the most, was found.
Open Access
Dispersion in the wake of a model industrial complex
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1977) Hatcher, R. V., author; Meroney, R. N., author; Peterka, J. A., author; Kothari, K., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Dispersion of vapor from LNG spills at Energy Terminal Service Corporation: releases during stable atmospheric conditions, simulation in a wind tunnel
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1981-08) Meroney, Robert N., author; Kothari, K. M., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Dispersion of vapor from LNG spills at Green Point Energy Center: simulation in a wind tunnel
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1980-06) Kothari, K. M., author; Meroney, R. N., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Dispersion of vapor from LNG spills: simulation in a meteorological wind tunnel of spills at China Lake Naval Weapons Center, California
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1979-03) Meroney, Robert N., author; Neff, D. E., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Fluid modeling of exhaust gas dispersion from the Boston Edison 500 Atlantic Avenue building site, Ventilation Building No. 3, Central Artery/Third Harbor Tunnel project: atmospheric dispersion comparability testing documentation
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1995-07) Neff, David E., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Fluid modeling of exhaust gas dispersion from the Boston Edison 500 Atlantic Avenue building site, Ventilation Building No. 3, Central Artery/Third Harbor Tunnel project: final report
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1996-04) Neff, David E., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Plume rise and dispersion: effects of exit velocity and atmospheric stability
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1977-06) Cermak, Jack E., author; Meroney, Robert N., author; Petersen, Ronald L., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Plume rise and dispersion was studied under stable and neutral stratification in an environmentally controlled wind tunnel. A 1:300 model of a power plant stack was constructed and positioned in the wind tunnel to assess the effect of exit velocity and temperature on plume rise and dispersion. The complete test scenario for each stability included five exit velocities (from 12.5 to 250 m/s), three exit temperatures (200, 366 and 422°K) and three stratifications (D, E and F). The exit velocity was varied by adding nozzles of different diameter to the stack top while maintaining a constant volume flow. Exit temperature variations were simulated by mixing equivalent density mixtures of helium and air. For each test case plume dispersion was assessed by traversing the plume at incremental altitudes and three downwind locations. Concentrations of the helium tracer gas were measured continuously with a Thermal Conductivity Gas Chromatograph. Plume rise was assessed using photographic techniques and by analyzing the concentration data. The results show the expected tendency for increased plume rise with increased exit velocity. More significant is the decrease in maximum centerline concentration at a given downwind distance when exit velocity increases. Curves comparing the standard plume dispersion model with the wind tunnel results are presented. Also present are the plume centerline trajectories for each case studied.
Open Access
Rancho Seco building wake effects on atmospheric diffusion: simulation in a meteorological wind tunnel
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1979-12) Meroney, Robert N., author; Peterka, Jon A., author; Allwine, K. J., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Wind tunnel diffusion tests were conducted on 1:500 scale models of the Rancho Seco Nuclear Power Station, California; surrounding buildings, hyperbolic cooling towers, and terrain were similarly modeled in the Meteorological Wind Tunnel at Colorado State University. The purpose was to quantify the effects on diffusion of buildings perturbing the mean flow. The test program consisted of three gaseous tracer releases of gases having no appreciable plume rise from ground, building, and containment vessel top heights. The program was repeated for eight wind directions and cases of unstable, neutral, and stable atmospheric stratification conditions. Results show that the buildings significantly perturb the dispersion patterns from the flat terrain isolated source release case, hence buildings, hyperbolic towers, and terrain in the immediate vicinity of the release have a major effect. Maximum ground level normalized concentrations occurred during stable stratification. Upwind or downwind presence of the hyperbolic cooling towers was felt by the shift of ground level concentration values toward conditions approximately two categories more unstable than that suggested by the Pasquill-Gifford curves for the background flow stability. Data from three of the eight wind directions have been examined in some detail. These included 135°, containment building upwind of cooling towers; 225°, cooling towers to the side of the containment vessel wake; and 315°, cooling towers upwind of the containment vessel. If it is assumed that wind tunnel measurements are equivalent to field averaging times of 10 minutes, then the model concentrations adjusted to equivalent one-hour field sampling times overpredict field measurements for these cases by at most a factor of 1.7.
Open Access
Sites for wind-power installations: wind characteristics over ridges. Part I
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1978-06) Bouwmeester, R. J. B., author; Meroney, R. N., author; Sandborn, V. A., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Stably stratified building wakes
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1979) Kothari, K. M., author; Peterka, J. A. (Jon A.), author; Meroney, Robert N., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Wind pressures and forces on flat plate solar photovoltaic arrays
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1980-09) Peterka, Jon A., author; Poreh, M., author; Cermak, J. E., author; Hosoya, Noriaki, author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Wind tunnel good engineering stack height study of the FCC COB stack at the Billings Exxon Refinery: atmospheric dispersion comparability testing documentation
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1995-07) Neff, David E., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Wind tunnel good engineering stack height study of the FCC COB stack at the Billings Exxon Refinery: final report
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1996-02) Neff, David E., author; Petersen, Ronald L., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Wind tunnel study of air pollutant dispersion on Guam: atmospheric dispersion comparability testing documentation
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1995-07) Neff, David E., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Wind tunnel study of air pollutant dispersion on Guam: final report
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1995-09) Neff, David E., author; Meroney, Robert N., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Wind tunnel study of stack gas dispersal at the Avon Lake Power Plant
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1974-04) Meroney, Robert N., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Wind tunnel study of steam transport and wind forces for a floating nuclear power plant
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1976) Meroney, Robert N., author; Peterka, J. A. (Jon A.), author; Cermak, Jack E., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Wind-tunnel model of study of downwash from stacks at Maui Electric Company Power Plant, Kahului, Hawaii
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1973-03) Cermak, Jack E., author; Nayak, Shrinivas K., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
Tests were conducted in the meteorological wind-tunnel using 1:200 scale model to determine the distribution of gas concentration resulting from gaseous plumes released from four stacks associated with Maui Electric Company Power-Plant at Kahului Hawaii. The tests were conducted over a model power-plant including all significant structures in the vicinity. Data obtained included photographs and color motion pictures of smoke-plume trajectories and plots of contaminant concentration down wind of the power-plant at ground-level sampling positions. The effects of wind direction and stack height on ground-level concentrations are established. Evaluation of test results revealed that an increase of stack height from 30.48 m to 60.96 m will reduce the maximum groundlevel concentrations by a factor of three to five depending upon the wind direction. Location of stacks upwind of the power-plant structures was found to show distinct improvement of plume characteristics.